The Office of National Drug Control Policy explains that detox "is a process whereby individuals are systematically withdrawn from addicting drugs." Drug addiction, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, is characterized by an uncontrollable craving for a substance. An addict's compulsion to use that drug will persist regardless of the negative consequences, which can include loss of a job or home, imprisonment, or institutionalization. Before a person can be drug free, they must first detox. For those who do not expect to have severe withdrawal symptoms, detoxing at home is a feasible option.
First Step
In 2008, according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, about 1.1 million people received outpatient treatment for substance abuse---statistics that have remained steady for most of the decade. What has changed, however, is that more people are seeking help for their addictions on an outpatient basis. Whether detoxification is done inpatient or outpatient, individuals should be evaluated by an addiction specialist to determine how long it will take to withdraw and anticipate what the withdrawal symptoms will be.
How It Works
NIDA indicates that medications are an important part of getting treatment for drug abuse. Also, each patient's treatment plan must be assessed individually and on a continual basis. An addiction specialist may prescribe certain medications that ease symptoms of withdrawal. Those addicted to opiates, benzodiazepines and alcohol, for instance, may need to gradually wean off the substances rather than abruptly stop. Your doctor may prescribe medication, such as an antidepressant, to help with the detox process.
What to Expect
A person detoxing from drugs can expect withdrawal symptoms, even if the individual has medication to help with the process. While other medications can ease symptoms, they won't eliminate the effects of withdrawal completely. Mood swings, muscle pain and flu-like symptoms are just some of the signs that the addictive drug is leaving your system.
Considerations
While detoxing, it is recommended to participate in a treatment plan. NIDA outlines these options. Cognitive-behavioral therapy helps people cope with situations that may trigger their addiction and can cause relapse. This kind of therapy is available in a one-on-one setting with an addiction specialist or in group therapy with other recovering addicts. Family therapy can help improve family functioning and provide support to the recovering person. Motivational interviewing encourages people to stay in recovery, and motivational incentives employ positive reinforcement techniques to encourage abstinence.
How to Get Help
For people who have never received treatment for drug abuse, beginning this process can be daunting. If you're not sure you need help with your addiction, Caron Treatment Centers recommends asking yourself these questions: Has your drug use interfered with your life in a negative way; for example, have you lost friends or employment? Has your drug use caused legal problems such as driving citations, DUI or domestic abuse charges? Do you have withdrawal symptoms such as tremors, sweating or vomiting if you go for a certain amount of time without drugs? Has anyone else expressed concerned about your drug use?
If you've answered yes to any of these questions, start by making an appointment with your primary care physician for an evaluation of your condition.
References
- Office of National Drug Control Policy: Does Treatment Work?
- NIDA: Treatment Approaches for Drug Addiction
- National Institute on Drug Abuse: Treatment Approaches for Drug Addiction
- Caron Drug and Alcohol Treatment Centers: Current Statistics
- Treatment of Alcohol and Drug Addiction: Treatment Options for Abstinence-Based Programs
