Your skin consists of hair follicles with sebaceous glands. This gland produces sebum, which is emitted through the follicle and helps maintain smooth, supple skin. However, these follicles can become blocked with sebum, dead skin cells, dirt or other matter, resulting in a number of acne lesions--including whiteheads.
Significance
According to Acne.org, whiteheads result when sebum and bacteria becomes trapped underneath the skin's surface. The sebum pushes the the skin outward, resulting in a white, pin-like dot, but does not break the skin. For this reason, whiteheads are considered non-inflammatory acne and are also called closed comedones, according to MedlinePlus.
Effects
While whiteheads can be a cosmetic nuisance, they also have the potential to rupture, which drains bacteria and sebum to the skin's surface, according to Acne.org. Another effect is that the walls of the hair follicle burst, which results in inflammation. This elevates a whitehead from non-inflammatory acne to inflamed acne, where papules or pustules--also known as a pimple--forms. This makes treating whiteheads important to preventing further acne breakouts.
Warning
Experiencing a whitehead can make it tempting to simply "pop" the whitehead to empty its contents and reduce the cosmetic imperfection. But popping a whitehead can lead to breaking the hair follicle wall, which can actually aggravate acne and, in some instances, damage the wall to where acne scarring can occur, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. You should refrain from simply popping your whitehead as a means of acne treatment.
Prevention
Preventing whiteheads from forming begins with a good skincare routine, which can prevent whiteheads from forming in the first place and alleviate the need for treatment. The American Academy of Dermatology recommends washing your face twice daily with a mild cleaner and lukewarm water to remove sebum. Drinking plenty of water also can help to dilute oily secretions, thus preventing blockages. Refraining from using facial products that contain oil can also prevent blockages that result in whiteheads developing.
Solution
Because whiteheads rarely go away on their own if left untreated, DERMADoctor recommends utilizing an exfoliating product that can help to remove dead skin cells and sebum that can plug a hair follicle and cause whiteheads. Use an exfoliating scrub two to three times per week. An application of a glycolic acid facial lotion or even peel can help to more thoroughly exfoliate the area. Glycolic acid is a natural skin exfoliant that is available in a variety of strengths. If you are considering undergoing a peel, you should seek a dermatologist's assistance.
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