ADD/ADHD, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, begins in childhood, but may go undiagnosed even into adulthood. Evaluation of the individual by a clinician is advised to ensure that an appropriate diagnosis is made. ADHD is present when the patient has six or more symptoms that are persistent for six months or more. These symptoms must be seen in two or more areas of the individual's life, such as work, school or home. Furthermore, the individual clearly demonstrates significant impairment in social, academic or occupational functioning.
Disorganization
One symptom that can present with ADHD is disorganization. ADHDNews.com explains that an individual with the condition can have difficulty organizing tasks and activities, and is often unable to complete schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace; this is not due to failure to understand the task. The patient can also exhibit forgetfulness. She may lose things necessary to complete tasks, such as school assignments, books or tools. The patient may forget important dates and fail to make meetings or deadlines.
Lack of Attention
Lack of attention and difficulty concentrating is present in individuals who have ADHD. "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach" explains that the individual may be easily distracted by other activities going on around her. The patient can not focus and sustain attention on a particular task for a long period of time. This makes it difficult for the individual to carry on a conversation and follow directions appropriately. Carelessness is often also present and leads to mistakes in school assignments, work and other activities. Procrastinating or avoiding difficult tasks demonstrates the patient's lack of attention, as well.
Impulsivity
Patients with ADHD demonstrate impulsivity, or the initiation of behavior without thought. The individual does not wait his turn and may intrude on other individuals. Typically, the patient will speak over others, butt into conversations or interrupt games. Also, the patient may yell out answers before the question is finished and speak out at inappropriate times. Poor self-control is seen in adults leading to destructive behavior, such as heavy drinking or drug abuse.
Hyperactivity
Hyperactivity is another symptom of ADHD. Children are often restless and constantly running around. ADHDNews.com defines a hyperactive child as a child "constantly on the go" or "driven by a motor." The child may talk excessively and leave his seat in the classroom. Adults and children are unable to sit still for a long period of time, leading to squirming or fidgeting of fingers or feet. Furthermore, that patient is often unable to play or engage in leisure activities in a quiet manner.
References
- Helpguide.org: Adult ADD/ADHD
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Dipiro, Joseph T., Talbert,Robert L., et al; 2008
- ADHDNews.com: Symptoms of ADHD
