Almost everyone experiences body odor, also called bromhidrosis, at some point. Body odor can stem from different things, and it may smell differently in different people. The scent may be musty, rancid, sweet or sour, but it is generally considered unpleasant. Understanding the origins of body odor can help you avoid it,
Types of Sweat
Body odor comes from the interaction between bacteria and a specific type of sweat called apocrine sweat, explains the Mayo Clinic. Apocrine sweat comes from the apocrine glands and is one of two types of sweat produced by the body. The other comes from eccrine glands and is called eccrine sweat. Unlike eccrine glands, which produce sweat mainly composed of water and salts, apocrine glands produce sweat that is high in fats. Some people have a condition called hyperhidrosis in which they produce excess sweat. This can contribute heavily to the development of body odor.
Bacteria
According to Derma Doctor, the bacteria that create body odor are corynebacterium, a type of microorganism that lives on the skin. During the breakdown of apocrine sweat, the bacteria create short chain fatty acids, which cause the characteristic scent. Corynebacterium grow particularly well on skin that is warm and damp, which is why body odor often occurs in areas such as under the armpits or in the groin region.
Timing
While children may occasionally develop a mild body odor, true bromhidrosis doesn't occur until after puberty. This is because the apocrine glands don't develop until that stage of life. Certain situations may also make body odor more likely. Aside from occurring in hot weather, body odor frequently crops up when someone becomes nervous or anxious, since these conditions can cause excess sweat production from the apocrine glands.
Hygiene
Individuals with poor hygiene have bromhidrosis more often than others. The Nemours Foundation explains that bathing or showering every day is essential to avoid the production of excess body odor. Washing clothes before wearing them again and using a deodorant or antiperspirant may help keep body odor at bay as well.
Other Causes
Occasionally, body odor can stem from the breakdown of eccrine sweat instead of apocrine sweat, explains the New Zealand Dermatological Society Incorporated. Some foods or other things people ingest contain volatile compounds that are emitted through the skin, increasing the possibility of body odor. This can include alcohol, curries, garlic, onions and some medications. Dark skinned individuals and men have higher rates of bromohidrosis.
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