1. Obtain an Accurate Diagnosis
Since so little is known about Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) and its causes, it's important to obtain a second or even third opinion for a proper diagnosis. The symptoms of this deadly brain disorder, which include rapid dementia, hallucinations, blindness and coma, can be mistaken for a number of other neurological impairments. Since CJD can only be accurately identified through a brain biopsy (which can pose many dangers to the patient) or autopsy, the right protocol for diagnosis involves extensive testing to eliminate other brain disorders.
2. Manage CJD Through Prescription Drugs
Once a diagnosis of CJD is confirmed, patients usually die within the year. Since the effects of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease can be so severe and pronounced, it is best to plan and provide a comfortable and dignified environment for the patient for the remainder of his life. This will include administering a number of medications to help with the pain and symptoms of CJD. Opiates are commonly prescribed in the later stages of the disease to help manage pain, hallucinations and anxiety. Clonazepam and sodium valproate are used to deal with myoclonus, the series of jerks and seizures that can be prevalent in the later stages of CJD.
3. Emphasize Comfort Through the Later Stages of CJD
During the final stages of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, the patient will be incapacitated and possibly comatose. Care must be taken to arrange the body of the patient into different positions to avoid bedsores. A catheter should be used to help with urination, and an IV should be used to administer fluids. Every effort should be made to address the patient's desire to die with dignity, even when symptoms of psychosis are present.
In addition, pneumonia is a very real danger for patients in the later stages of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Antibiotics should be kept on hand at all times if any respiratory complications develop during the course of the disease.
