Colds are a type of viral infection, and though they can make you stuffy, achy and uncomfortable for up to two weeks, they aren't usually a serious health concern. If your cold includes a fever of 102 degrees or higher that lasts longer than three days, shortness of breath, trouble swallowing or extreme vomiting, call your health care provider. However, in most cases you can safely deal with the symptoms of your cold at home with a combination of home remedies and over-the-counter medications.
For a Stuffy or Runny Nose
To temporarily combat nasal congestion, Pacific Lutheran University recommends making your own steam room by draping a towel over your head as you lean over a bowl of hot water. Alternatives include taking a hot shower or just sitting in a steamy bathroom. Nasal irrigation--in which you gently squeeze a salt water solution into your nose and let it drip out the other side--can also help with congestion and runny noses. If home remedies don't help, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend using a decongestant or saline nasal spray.
For a Sore Throat
To treat a sore throat, the University of Illinois's McKinley Health Center recommends adding 1/2 tsp. of salt to an 8-ounce glass of warm water and gargling every two to four hours, or as needed. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest sucking on ice chips or lozenges or using a sore throat spray to treat an aching throat. If your sore throat is very painful or accompanied by a fever, you may want to take acetaminophen, ibuprofen or naproxen.
For a Cough
If your cold is accompanied by a cough, staying hydrated can help. Pacific Lutheran University recommends drinking black or green tea or a mixture of warm honey and lemon juice to soothe a persistent cough. A humidifier may also help. For stubborn coughs, the University of Illinois's McKinley Health Center suggests taking an over-the-counter expectorant containing Guaifenesin, which will help make your coughing more productive.
