Water retention, which is more formally referred to as edema, occurs when excessive fluid accumulates within the body. Fluid retention can occur for a number of reasons, including malnutrition, disease or medication use, according to the Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. Patients who develop any of the symptoms of water retention should seek additional care from a medical professional. Water retention symptoms are often indicative of medical problems.
Limb or Facial Swelling
The most common symptom associated with water retention is swelling. When fluid builds up beneath the skin, the feet, ankles, hands or face can appear unusually enlarged or puffy, explains the Better Health Channel, a health information website established by the Australian government. Additionally, patients who develop water retention can notice that the skin covering these swollen regions looks unusually shiny or tight. Extensive swelling can make it difficult for affected patients to move about normally. These symptoms can persist for a few days, weeks or months, depending on the cause of these water retention symptoms. Patients who experience breathing difficulties or chest pain in conjunction with limb or facial swelling should seek immediate emergency medical care.
Dimpled Skin
Water retention can cause affected skin to appear unusually dimpled. Health officials at MayoClinic.com explain that patients with edema may notice that the skin remains dimpled or indented after pressing into the affected skin. These water retention symptoms require consultation with a medical professional as soon as possible.
Abdominal Bloating
Abdominal bloating can occur as a symptom of water retention. Abdominal swelling may be accompanied by a decrease in appetite, reports the Huntsman Cancer Institute. Patients who are unable to fit into their normal clothing due to these abdominal water retention should speak with a doctor for further evaluation and care.
Weight Changes
Retaining high levels of fluid can cause drastic changes in weight, according to the Better Health Channel. A patient who gains more than 5 lbs. over a span of 24 hours should seek medical care immediately, warns Huntsman Cancer Institute, as this water retention symptom can also be a sign of heart failure.
