1. Assess Your T-Score
A bone mineral density (BMD) test measures the amount of bone mineral in certain body areas. Results of the scan will appear numerically. Bone density test interpretation compares your bone mass with that of the standard young and healthy 30-year-old person. Bone mass is at its peak at that age and condition.
Your T-score defines your level of bone density. The World Health Organization has classified T-scores as follows: Normal bone density is found in scores between +1 and -1. Included in that range, for instance, are 0.5 and -0.5. Low density, or osteopenia, is revealed by a score lying between -1 and -2.5. Scores below -2.5 confirm a diagnosis of osteoporosis.
2. Look Into Your Z-Score
Doctors will compare your bone mineral density with that of a standard person of your own age and body type if you are under 50 years of age. This result is called a Z-score. Loss of bone mass is expected in patients over 50, especially postmenopausal women, so Z-scores aren't used in diagnosing their bone conditions.
Doctors take into account age, gender, weight and ethnic background in the comparison calculation. A Z-score above -2.0 is normal, and below that indicates significant bone density deterioration. You can learn more about BMD testing from the National Osteoporosis Foundation.
3. Consider What These Results Mean to You
Whether or not you have suffered a fractured or broken bone is an important factor in interpreting your BMD test score results. If you have, your T-score will serve to confirm suspicions and any other symptoms of osteoporosis. If not, it may rule them out or indicate that another underlying issue may be affecting your bone mass. You should discuss your personal medical history with your doctor in light of your BMD test results. Together, you will be able to arrive at a clear picture of your bone health.
