Boric acid vaginal suppositories have been used to treat vaginal yeast infections, though they are not recommended for uncomplicated, first-time treatments of common vulvovaginal candidiasis, as the efficacy of the treatment is not well-established. They do play a role, however, in the treatment of drug-resistant candidal vaginitis, but caution should be used as there is significant controversy surrounding their safety.
Acute Toxicity
Boric acid, taken internally, is extremely toxic. If there is an open vaginal wound, a cut or scrape in the vaginal wall, for example, boric acid could enter the bloodstream. This can cause symptoms such as nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. It can also cause dermatitis. More serious side effects, seen in higher concentrations, include kidney damage, acute circulatory system failure and even death.
Chronic Toxicity
Multiple treatment courses using boric acid suppositories can lead to a condition known as chronic poisoning. Unlike acute poisoning where the symptoms are experienced immediately, chronic poisoning builds up slowly over time, with repeated exposure to boric acid. Symptoms include pain, anorexia, gastrointestinal disturbances, weakness, confusion, dermatitis, menstrual disorders, anemia, seizures and hair loss, and the condition can also lead to death. Chronic toxicity has been reported in patients treated for wound infections. However, it could also occur in patients repeatedly treated for vaginal yeast infections, particularly if the area contains a cut or scrape.
Mild Side Effects
A 1998 report published in "Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology" indicated that the most frequent side effects of boric acid vaginal suppositories were a watery discharge, a burning sensation and skin redness. The report also noted that the sexual partner of a woman who uses vaginal boric acid suppositories may experience a gritty sensation during intercourse.
Risks for Pregnant and Nursing Women
Boric acid suppositories are not recommended for treating vaginal yeast infections in pregnant women due the risk of harmful effects on the developing fetus. There are no studies demonstrating their safety in either pregnant or nursing women.
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