Pregnancy causes many physical changes in a woman's body including aches and pains. Headaches are often an unwelcome side effect during what is normally a very happy and exciting period in a woman's life. It can be difficult to pinpoint the exact reason for headaches due to multiple possible causes.
Hormonal Changes
Headaches during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, may result from the sudden surge in hormones, notes the American Pregnancy Association. As the pregnancy progresses into the second trimester, headaches may decrease as the body becomes accustomed to the additional hormones. Women who have a history of migraines may experience a change in their frequency, with some women experiencing more migraines and some experiencing less, says the APA.
Posture Changes
As pregnancy progresses and the baby grows and becomes larger, the woman's center of gravity changes and extra strain is put on her back. Dr. Roger W. Harms, MD, from MayoClinic.com explains that headaches during pregnancy result because of muscle tension and poor posture from the extra weight of the baby.
Dehydration
Blood volume increases during pregnancy, and dehydration can occur very easily especially during hot summer months. Headaches can indicate dehydration, notes the March of Dimes. Maintaining adequate hydration throughout the day can help prevent these headaches.
Caffeine Withdrawal
During pregnancy, women should not consume caffeine because it can cross the placenta can affect the baby, says the March of Dimes. If a pregnant woman is used to drinking caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea and soda before pregnancy, but stops abruptly, caffeine withdrawal can occur. Headaches are a symptom of caffeine withdrawal, notes Dr. Harms.
Pre-eclampsia
The most serious cause of headaches during pregnancy is pre-eclampsia. This condition occurs in the second and third trimesters, and includes symptoms of high blood pressure, protein in the urine and excessive swelling. Complications of pre-eclampsia if untreated, include placental detachment which results in hemorrhaging, or bleeding, of the mother and baby. Pre-eclamspia is a serious medical condition. Symptoms include severe headaches, accompanied by high blood pressure, swelling or visual disturbances. Expectant mothers should report these symptoms to a doctor or medical provider immediately.
