Experiencing depression at a given point in life is normal. However, when the feelings of sadness and hopelessness interfere with daily functioning for extended periods of time, it is termed as chronic depression. According to MayoClinic.com, a mild form of chronic depression starting in childhood and lasting through adulthood is called dysthymia. A more severe form of chronic depression is diagnosed as major depressive disorder. Both forms of chronic depression can impair quality of life and involvement in day-to-day activities.
Mood and Motivation
Severity and frequency of depression symptoms vary, but individuals experiencing chronic depression tend to show long-term impairment in mood stability. Signs of mood impairment include persistent sadness, tearfulness and expressions of helplessness. Guilt, shame and pessimism toward the future further indicate signs of mood instability. MayoClinic.com describes low motivation for engaging in pleasurable activity and decreased energy as additional signs of chronic depression.
Isolation and Social Withdrawal
Social activities no longer have value to those with chronic depression. For some, this takes the form of avoiding invitations to social engagements. If attending work remains a priority, the person with chronic depression might keep to himself rather than join social office breaks. Chronic depression often leads to shutting off family and friends by avoiding phone calls or ignoring visitors. The National Institute of Mental Health explains that isolation may also precipitate substance abuse and potential suicidal gestures.
Disturbance in Thoughts
Indecision and an inability to concentrate often occur in chronic depression. MayoClinic.com notes that preoccupation with shortcomings or excessive irritation with small matters occur as signs. Additionally, slowed thinking and poor decision making are also impacted by depression.
Appetite and Sleep Changes
Changes in appetite signified by rapid weight loss or increased weight gain and over-eating may signal chronic depression. In addition, sleep disturbances such as fatigue and excessive tiredness may occur. In some people, sleep decreases, causing insomnia and early morning wakefulness, the NIMH says.
