Anticoagulation or thinning of the blood is necessary for a variety of reasons. Stroke, heart attacks, blood clots of the legs or other extremities, mechanical heart valves or a recent heart stent are reasons for anticoagulation. There are several therapies available. The correct one is determined by the patient's condition.
Heparin and Lovenox
Heparin was once only available to patients in the hospital because it required an IV for administration and careful monitoring of its affects. With the advent of low molecular weight heparin, or Lovenox, patients are now able to self-administer the medication through subcutaneous injections, according to MayoClinic.com. This medication does not need frequent monitoring and patients are able to go home from the hospital with the appropriate training to treat themselves.
Coumadin
Patients with recent heart stents or mechanical valve replacements need long-term anticoagulation. Coumadin is an oral medication that provides very effective anticoagulation. Patients on this medication need to be careful about falls or other injuries. Significant internal bleeding can occur while on this medication. According to Coumadin manufacturers Bristol Meyers Squibb, Coumadin works by inhibiting the clotting factors in the blood. It also carries a significant risk of hemorrhage.
Plavix
Plavix, or clopidogrel bisulfate, is taken orally every day to prevent blood clots. Patients are given this drug to prevent heart attacks or strokes. This medication works on the platelets and makes them less sticky, according to the National Institutes of Health. This prevents them from clumping together and forming blood clots. Patients with a history of bleeding ulcers need to consult their physician before taking this drug.
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