Communication is the process of gathering, giving and processing information from one person or group of people to another. Even when people are speaking face-to-face, miscommunication and misunderstandings happen. Improving communication isn't just about speaking more clearly or listening more. Specific communication strategies, if implemented correctly, can help you get your point across and understand the needs of other people.
Practice Active Listening
Being an active listener requires more than just hearing what the other person or party has to say. It involves taking steps to make sure you're understanding correctly what is being communicated. Listening is the single most important skill in communication, according to the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. The Harvard University Medical School Ombuds Office suggests the next time you're in an important communication situation, try reflective listening, which is asking questions to reaffirm what you think the other person is saying. Use phrases like, "What I'm hearing you say is..." and ask questions such as "Am I understanding correctly that...?" Reflective listening increases the chances that the message being communicated comes across clearly, and if not, that the two parties have an opportunity to clear up the situation before misunderstandings arise.
Use "I" Messages
Communicating what you're feeling is the only way for people to know your side of the story and using "I" messages is the most effective way to do that, according to the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Instead of deflecting communication onto the other person or party, focus on how you feel. Use "I" messages, which are statements or expressions about how you feel and think, rather than passing judgment or blame by using "you" messages. "I" messages describe your feelings in relation to a specific action and the reason for those feelings. For example, if someone has upset you, rather than starting off your communication by saying "You were extremely rude," re-focus the conversation on your specific thoughts and feelings by saying something like, "I felt upset and insulted by your comments because they weren't true."
Eliminate Distractions
Whether it's music, television or even other people talking around you, distractions can negatively impact communication in many ways. Eliminating distractions gives you the best chance to communicate clearly and effectively with the other party. If you're communicating one-on-one with someone else about an important issue, find a quiet place to talk that is away from loud noises, crowds of people or other similar distractions. Pay attention to your non-verbal communication, which can be another distraction. Speaking with your back turned, arms folded or while you are looking away from the person you're speaking to sends a message of disinterest or even contempt.
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