Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, according to the Mayo Clinic. The condition is painful and causes wear and tear on the joints over time. Though there is no cure as of 2010, many treatment options are available for osteoarthritis sufferers, ranging from over-the-counter medication to injections administered in a doctor's office and, as a last resort, surgical procedures.
NSAIDs
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, are a class of medications commonly used for pain relief, and are available in over-the-counter and prescription formulas. Hormone-like substances called prostaglandins cause feelings of pain by irritating nerve endings. NSAIDs work by reducing these offending substances. NSAIDs are also helpful for relieving inflammation, which makes them a popular choice among osteoarthritis sufferers who experience chronic pain and swelling. NSAIDs side effects include increased risks of stomach problems, heart attack and stroke. These risks are greater when the drugs are used frequently or in higher dosages.
Cortisone Injections
Cortisone injections are an option for individuals with joint deterioration and inflammation resulting from osteoarthritis. The shots consist of injections in various joints in the body, such as the elbow, shoulder, spine, hands, feet, ankle or knees. Injections may help improve mobility, eliminate pain and reduce inflammation. The Mayo Clinic reports that these injections typically contain a corticosteroid medication and a local anesthetic. Results may differ from person to person.
Exercise Therapy
Individuals with chronic osteoarthritis pain can opt to relieve pain and symptoms by exercising regularly and thus improving muscle strength and flexibility. In addition, exercise increases circulation and often aids in weight loss, which reduces stress on the bones and joints.
