Although embraced as one of the latest wonder substances in the food world, green tea has been consumed globally for thousand of years. As more evidence is uncovered concerning the possible medicinal powers of antioxidants, green tea, with its high levels of polyphenols, continues its meteoric rise in the medical community. To make the potential benefits of tea more accessible for all, a green tea extract (GTE) made from tea leaves is distributed commercially.
Why GTE?
Green tea extract adds a degree of convenience not available with the brewed version of the beverage. In addition, the concentrated form of GTE offers another choice for those who don't enjoy drinking green tea, yet desire the possible health benefits. The capsule form of GTE is composed of dried green tea leaves, while a liquid, extracted from the leaves and leaf buds, is also available.
Antioxidants
All tea--black, green and white--is derived from the Camellia sinensis plant; the difference between the three is in how they are processed. Green tea, which is unfermented, is documented as offering the highest level of catechins, a type of antioxidant. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, green tea "contains six primary catechin compounds: catechin, gallaogatechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and epigallocatechin gallate (also known as EGCG)." EGCG is both the most researched and most active ingredient.
Health Benefits
There are currently numerous studies researching the effectiveness of green tea and green tea extract for treating a large number of ailments and illnesses, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and arthritis. Although researchers are hopeful, few studies are currently conclusive. Green tea extract in a topical formulation has been approved by the FDA for treating genital warts.
Potential
Many recognized medical facilities have released reports on green tea and GTE. MayoClinic.com notes that the potent antioxidants in green tea may reduce inflammation related to arthritis, may decrease the possibility of heart attacks, could prevent tooth decay and are effective in reducing some menopausal symptoms. Additionally, the University of Maryland Medical Center cites green tea and GTE as lowering cholesterol; possibly protecting against certain kinds of cancer, including pancreatic and breast; and potentially stimulating metabolism. Additional research is still necessary to determine definitive results.
Recomended Dosage
The University of Maryland Medical Center recommends two to three cups of green tea per day, amounting to approximately 240 to 320 mg of polyphenols. For green tea extract, the UMMC suggests 100 to 750 mg per day. MayoClinic.com notes that the amount of green tea extract in capsules varies, with between 100 and 700 mg per capsule.
Warnings
As with any substance, there are always warnings and possible drug interactions. Green tea extract is available in both caffeinated and decaffeinated forms. The intake of caffeine can result in restlessness and insomnia. The University of Michigan Health System asserts that certain individuals could develop iron deficiency or possible liver damage from using green tea extract. Even though the evidence is inconclusive, potential consumers are advised to avoid taking high levels of GTE. For drug interactions, green tea extract is identified as EGCG or epigallocatechin gallate. If purchasing green tea extract, be sure to read the complete accompanying pamphlet.
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