Ginger Root & Its Benefits

Ginger isn't just a spicy, hot root you can add to a stir fry or a flavoring for ginger ale. The Chinese have used it medicinally for over 2,000 years, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. It also has a long history of use in Arabic and Indian medicine.

Benefits

The University of Michigan states that there is consistent scientific data to show that ginger has substantial benefit as a natural treatment for motion sickness, osteoarthritis and morning sickness. However, data are inconclusive as to whether it is effective for vertigo, irritable bowel syndrome, epilepsy or indigestion. Traditional folk medicine has used ginger root for diarrhea, rheumatism, vomiting and abdominal bloating.

Active Constituents

Volatile oils, which make up about 1 to 4 percent of ginger root, are responsible for ginger's medicinal attributes, notes the University of Michigan. These oils can be identified by the taste and odor that is so characteristic of ginger. The pungent attributes of ginger come from shogaols and gingerols present in the root, and bisabolene and zingiberene makes up the aromatic part.

Dosage

Dosages for ginger vary for different health issues. The University of Maryland Medical Center recommends 1 g of powdered root to prevent vomiting and 2 to 4 g of fresh root for the treatment of nausea, indigestion or gas. During pregnancy, expectant mothers can use 1 g of dried ginger daily to help nausea, as long as it is not used on a consistent basis, states the University of Michigan. A tea, extract or fresh ginger juice can be taken at a dosage of 2 to 4 g to relieve arthritis pain. The University of Maryland Medical Center also states that you can rub joints with ginger oil or cover them with a poultice of fresh ginger root.

Side Effects

Ginger may be used during pregnancy for short periods of time; however, the University of Michigan warns against using it for extended periods of time. Ginger root should be avoided if you have gallstone problems unless you consult your doctor, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. You should also not take it before being put under anesthesia or before surgery without telling your doctor. Ginger should not be taken with blood-thinning medications, including aspirin, or if you have a bleeding disorder. It may also interact with medication for the heart, diabetes or other blood sugar medication. The University of Michigan states that side effects are rare but may include heartburn, gastrointestinal problems or an upset stomach.

Research

Ginger root may be effective in helping nausea and vomiting that can follow gynecological surgery, according to a 1990 study conducted by physicians at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London and published in the journal "Anaesthesia." Ginger root was compared to placebos and metoclopramide in the study. Ginger showed a significant benefit over placebos in preventing nausea and vomiting; however, it was equal in results to metoclopramide.
A 2005 study published in the journal "Obstetrics & Gynecology" found that ginger was an effective treatment for vomiting and nausea during pregnancy. However, the study suggests that more studies with larger sample sizes be conducted to further confirm the benefits.
Another 2005 study conducted in Thailand and published in "American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology" found that a dose of 1 g of ginger was more effective than a placebo in preventing nausea and vomiting after an operation. The only side effect that was found during the study was abdominal discomfort.