Often referred to as heel fissures, cracked heels are typically a result of dry skin. Environmental and mechanical factors, including low humidity, hot weather, walking and even excess weight, can cause the skin of the heels to dry, thicken and crack. But this cracking can also be a result of an underlying health condition, such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, psoriasis and eczema, so treatment may vary depending on the cause of the fissures.
Self-Care
Moisturizing the heels with an oil-based cream twice a day can usually take care of minor to moderate fissures. Look for products formulated for the feet for best results. Wearing socks over moisturized feet can also be beneficial, according to Foot.com. To further aid in healing, consider removing thickened skin each day with a pumice stone. Pumice the heel fissures after showering, bathing or soaking the feet.
Footwear
As you treat cracked heels, it's also important to take note of your footwear. Certain styles can cause or worsen cracking. Steer clear of open-backed shoes and sandals, and avoid thin-soled shoes as well, advises Foot.com. These types of footwear allow the heels to expand sideways or lack proper shock absorption. This can increase the pressure on the heels, contributing to the fissures. Invest in shoes that can cushion and absorb the shock or pressure distributed from walking, running or even standing.
Diagnosis
If self-care measures fail to improve cracked heels, talk to your doctor or podiatrist. The cracking may require more aggressive treatment or is a result of an underlying condition. Proper diagnosis ensures the appropriate methods of care are put in place before the heel fissures can lead to a serious medical problem.
Medical Care
Besides better managing and treating the underlying cause of the cracked heels, professional care may include debriding, which is the manual removal of the thickened, cracked skin, or strapping, which is the use of a pressure bandage to hold the heel fissures together, allowing them to heal. A heel cup can be worn to keep the pad of the heel from expanding sideways, explains ePodiatry.com. In some cases, your doctor may suggest the use of a prescription cream to treat the cracking.
Considerations
The cracking may also be a result of excess weight. Weight gain can add pressure to the heels during any weight-bearing activity, including walking and standing. Losing weight can help relieve pressure and decrease the development of heel fissures. A well-balanced, low-calorie diet coupled with regular exercise is the best method of weight loss.
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