A normal blood sugar level ranges approximately 60 to 120 mg/dL, states "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach." Low blood sugar, termed hypoglycemia, is a measurement of less than 60 mg/dL, which is a sugar level that is not adequate to fuel the body. An individual may manifest hypoglycemia as a condition by itself or as a complication of another disease or disorder. Typically, hypoglycemia occurs in diabetics because the patient may have taken too much medication, missed a meal or eaten less than usual. If a patient develops any signs and symptoms of low blood sugar, he should inform his physician.
Shakiness and Dizziness
An individual who has hypoglycemia may exhibit shakiness or trembling in the hands and body. Dizziness or light-headedness is another symptom and can become dangerous when driving or performing activities that require alertness. If the patient experiences these side effects, he should call his physician right away. Diabetics should drink orange juice or suck on hard candy if they suspect low blood sugar.
Sweating
Hypoglycemia may cause sweating or feelings of warmth in patients. This effect is not explained by any other stimuli. The patient may have a pale skin color, as well. Low blood sugar should be treated properly. Diabetics must inform their physician to see if the current medication regimen is appropriate.
Hunger
Hunger is another symptom seen in patients with hypoglycemia. The body usually asks for what it needs; the main cause of hypoglycemia is the lack of food needed for the body to function. Diabetics in particular must pay close attention to meals and be consistent with meal times.
Headache
A headache is not uncommon when the blood sugar levels drop in the body. However, a headache, as well as the other symptoms, is not solely caused by hypoglycemia. The patient should discuss symptoms with a physician because not every individual has the same symptoms or the same symptoms each time, notes MayoClinic.com.
Changes in Behavior
Changes in behavior may be indicative of hypoglycemia. Difficulty concentration or confusion may occur. Sudden moodiness or irritability is also common. This behavior should be reported to a physician right away.
Symptoms While Sleeping
Hypoglycemia may occur while the patient sleeps. The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse states that hypoglycemia may cause nightmares and sweating. The patient may cry out while sleeping or toss and turn due to nightmares. The patient may find that pajamas and bed sheets feel wet or damp from sweating. Feelings of irritability, confusion, or tiredness may occur when the patient wakes up.
References
- National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse: Hypoglycemia
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Josep T. Dipiro, Robert L. Talbert., et al.; 2008
- MayoClinic.com: Diabetoc Hypoglycemia
