Most nosebleeds occur on the front of the nasal septum, the tissue that separates the two sides of the nose. The septum contains many fragile, easily damaged blood vessels. Minor irritations or colds can injure the blood vessels, causing them to bleed. Most nosebleeds aren't serious and will stop with self-care, but some require medical attention.
Sit Upright
According to MayoClinic.com, sitting upright reduces blood pressure in the veins of the nose and discourages further bleeding. Leaning forward while sitting upright helps keep the blood from running down the throat, which can cause nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, notes Cleveland Clinic.
Pinch the Nose
Pinching together the soft part of the nose with the thumb and index finger against the bridge of the nose puts pressure on the bleeding point on the nasal septum and often stops the flow of blood, reports MayoClinic.com. Breathe through the mouth and pinch the nose shut continuously for at least 10 minutes before checking if the bleeding has stopped. According to Medline Plus, the thumb and index finger maneuver can control many nosebleeds when done correctly and if given enough time to allow the bleeding to stop.
Cold Compress
Applying a cold compress or ice across the bridge of the nose may help stop a nosebleed, notes Medline Plus. Use a tissue or damp washcloth to catch the blood that drains out through the nostrils. When applying a cold compress to the nose, sit upright and lean forward; don't lie flat or place the head below the level of the heart or between the legs.
Nasal Spray Decongestants
Over-the-counter nasal spray decongestants help control the bleeding by closing off the small blood vessels inside the nose. The Cleveland Clinic warns not to bend over, strain or lift anything heavy, and also advises against blowing, rubbing or picking inside the nose for several days after the bleeding stops.
Repeat the Steps
According to MayoClinic.com, if the bleeding doesn't stop, continue to sit upright and pinch the nostrils shut with the thumb and index finger for 20 minutes. Seek emergency medical care if the bleeding persists longer than 20 minutes after applying direct pressure, involves a greater-than-expected amount of blood, and causes a difficulty in breathing.
