If you have dandruff, you know how embarrassing this chronic skin condition can be. You probably also are aware of how difficult it can be to treat. Dandruff can have several causes which can complicate treatment. It may be a result of dry skin. A yeast called malassezia may also be responsible, according to MayoClinic.com. You may have a skin condition called seborrheic dermatitis, which can be causing your flaky scalp. Whatever the cause, you have several options for treating your dandruff with over-the-counter medicated shampoos.
Ketoconazole Shampoos
Ketoconazole-containing shampoos are anti-fungal products. Nizoral is one example. If a yeast infection or seborrheic dermatitis is causing your dandruff, you may find that you have scaly patches elsewhere on your body as well. You can use these products as a topical cream, which you can apply on other areas of your body before showering. Bear in mind that you may need to use a ketoconazole-containing shampoo for several weeks before you see any visible results.
Pyrithione Zinc Shampoos
You may be most familiar with the pyrithione zinc shampoos, such as Head and Shoulders. Neutrogena also makes a product called Daily Control. Like ketoconazole-containing shampoos, these products act as an anti-fungal but also have anti-bacterial properties.
Like many dandruff shampoos, these products are most effective if you allow them to penetrate for several minutes before rinsing. If you are dealing with a fungal condition, you may need to try several shampoos before you find one that works for you. Pyrithione zinc shampoos are generally very safe to use, with few reported side effects, according to Drugs.com.
Salicylic Acid Shampoos
Salicylic acid in topical form is used to treat acne and psoriasis. In shampoos, it can also be effective for treating dandruff, according to the National Institutes of Health. Retail examples include Neutrogena's Healthy Scalp. There are some cautions that you should be aware of before using a salicylic acid-containing shampoo.
According to Drugs.com, you should avoid using these products if you are taking anticoagulants such as warfarin or aspirin because of a possible increased risk of side effects from taking these medications. As with medicated shampoo, you should not use a salicylic acid shampoo is your scalp is already irritated. (Ref. #2 & #5, Res. #3)
Selenium Sulfide Shampoos
If a yeast infection is causing your dandruff, then a shampoo containing selenium sulfide, such as Selsun Blue, may be a good option for you. It can also treat the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis. These products like any medication, can cause potential side effects.
According to Drugs.com, some users may experience skin irritation, increased oiliness of your hair or scalp, or an increase in hair loss. If you experience any of these symptoms or your dandruff doesn't respond to OTC shampoos, consult your doctor. (Ref. #2 & Res. #1)
References
- Mayo Clinic: Dandruff - Causes
- Dr. Mary Trites, Ridgeview Clinic, Delano, Minnesota
- MayoClinic: Dandruff - Treatments and Drugs
- Drugs: Pyrithione Zinc
- Drugs: Salicylic Acid Shampoo
