Photorefractive keratectomy, or PRK, is the use of a special type of ultraviolet energy to smooth and shape the cornea. By properly shaping the cornea, PRK allows for the correction of vision and can drastically improve a patient's quality of life. The surgery has been refined and practiced since 1987. However, there are numerous side effects that may accompany PRK. By understanding the possible side effects and complications, physicians and patients can work together to minimize their occurrence.
Unsatisfactory Corrected Vision
In some cases, patients will not be satisfied with the results of the PRK procedure due to under- or over-correction of the cornea. The PRK procedure is supposed to reconstruct the cornea into the optimal shape, providing the patient with the best possible vision. However, the cornea may be too wide or too narrow and this may result in unsatisfactory visual clarity. Patients may end up either far-sighted or near-sighted. There may also be a temporary corneal haziness that will dull the patient's vision. Glasses, corrective lenses or another surgical eye procedure may be needed to correct the patient's eyesight. In older patients suffering from bad eyesight caused by aging, or presbyopia, a complete return to perfect vision may be impossible.
Glare or Halos Around Lights
A glare and the presence of halos around sources of light have been associated with PRK surgery. These side effects are usually present directly after the surgery. Patients should be informed about this possible side effect so that they will not be too distressed. The glare and halos are usually more evident at night or in a darkened room. These side effects usually disappear within a month after the surgery.
Infection
Photorefractive keratotomy can increase the patient's risk of infection. The surgery opens small wounds on the cornea of the eye and as these wounds heal they can attract microbes that can cause infection. Patients are given antibacterial cream and a sterile disposable bandage contact lens that can cover the cornea as it heals. Patients should refrain from rubbing their eyes or causing any further irritation to the cornea. Patients should attempt to rest their eyes in order to speed healing and decrease the chance for infection.
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