Nail fungus is the result of a fungal infection that affects the nail or nailbed. A nail fungus may begin with small, white or yellow spots under the nail. A nail fungus can spread and, in severe cases, cause discoloration of the nail. Nail fungus is often unsightly. Moderate to severe cases of a toenail fungus can be painful. There are treatments available to prevent further complications and recurring infections.
Oral Medications
Oral medications can be used to treat the cause of the infection, depending on the type of fungus and the source. Terbinafine, sold as brand name Lamisil, and itraconazole, sold as brand name Sporanox, are two commonly prescribed oral medications.
Antifungal Lacquer
Some patients are prescribed an antifungal lacquer nail polish to treat their toenail fungus. Antifungal lacquers don't contain chemicals like regular nail polishes. They are applied to the toenails and surrounding skin daily and, at the end of seven days, are wiped off with alcohol before the process begins again. Patients should continue use of the antifungal lacquer per the doctor's recommendations or until the fungus clears up. MayoClinic.com indicates that an antifungal lacquer can be used for up to one year to help cure a toenail fungus and prevent the recurrence of the infection. Ciclopirox, sold as brand name Penlac BN, is a commonly prescribed antifungal lacquer.
Vinegar
MayoClinic.com indicates that, anecdotally, vinegar can be used to treat and inhibit bacterial growth. Although research cannot fully confirm its effectiveness, some patients have found success in utilizing vinegar soaks. A vinegar soak can be created by adding one part vinegar to two parts water. Feet are soaked for 20 minutes, then rinsed with warm water and dried well. This treatment can be repeated as needed.
Hygiene
It is vitally important for toenail fungus sufferers to maintain good hygiene while their toenail fungus is healing. Patients should keep their feet clean and dry at all times and wear clean socks and footwear.
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