You know when someone's got it---dandruff is easily identifiable by the white flakes that appear on the scalp and shoulders. Dandruff isn't harmful, but those telltale white flakes can be embarrassing. This skin condition comes in varying degrees and can affect anyone. If left untreated, dandruff may persist indefinitely. Fortunately, there is a range of products, available over-the-counter or by prescription, that will help you fight your stubborn dandruff.
Causes
If you have dandruff, it may be a result of any number of causes. Dry skin may flake off from your scalp, particularly when you spend a lot of time in heated rooms during the winter. According to the Mayo Clinic, stubborn dandruff may be attributed to seborrheic dermatitis, which is recognizable by larger scales of yellow or white skin flakes and red, oily skin. Alternatively, psoriasis, allergies, eczema or fungi can also contribute to dandruff.
Considerations
Although dandruff can affect anyone, some people may be more prone to dandruff. The Mayo Clinic states that more men have dandruff than women, partially due to bigger oil glands on their scalps. People with oily hair are also more susceptible to stubborn dandruff. Malassezia, the fungus associated with some forms of dandruff, thrives on scalp oils. The Mayo Clinic also warns that diets low in zinc, vitamin B, and some types of fats can lead to dandruff.
Prevention/Solution
Medicated shampoos are a common form of treatment for dandruff. The Mayo Clinic lists five different types of medicated shampoos, all of which contain different medications. These include tar-based, zinc pyrithione, salicylic acid, selenium sulphide and ketoconazole shampoos. Popular brands include Head & Shoulders, Neutrogena T/Gel, and Selsun Blue. If you have tried one of these shampoos without success, try using one with a different type of medication. You should use shampoos daily until dandruff is under control, then twice a week. If your dandruff still won't die, see your doctor about getting a prescription-strength shampoo.
Identification
Some cases of dandruff are noticeably worse than others. If you have large, greasy flakes that resemble bran, as well as red, itchy skin on your face, you might have seborrhoeic dermatitis. This is also known as seborrhoeic eczema. The website Anti-Dandruff.com states that the fungus pityosporum ovale is a key player in this type of dandruff. A sudden inclination to these types of flakes during middle age may be a sign of HIV infection.
Potential
A possible alternative medication is shampoo with tea tree oil. The Mayo Clinic suggests Australian tea tree oil, which is frequently used as an antibiotic and an antifungal treatment. You can also use shampoos with ginger to treat dandruff. These shampoos are available at The Body Shop and natural food stores. Be warned, as some people may be allergic to tea tree oil.
