Humans are born with two kidneys, fist-sized organs that process blood and waste products to keep the body chemically balanced. When a person develops kidney disease, the organs' filtering function is typically diminished, causing symptoms throughout the body. Chronic kidney disease has many potential causes, including high blood pressure, diabetes, poisons and toxins and injuries to the organ. More than 26 million Americans suffer from kidney disease, according to the National Kidney Foundation. Symptoms are often mild and can go unnoticed until kidney disease becomes advanced.
Urination Changes
When kidney function is impaired, people will often notice changes in the frequency with which they urinate. Some people may notice they are urinating more often while others begin urinating less frequently. In some cases, people may begin producing little or no urine.
Fatigue
Constant unexplained fatigue or the feeling of being tired all the time can also signal decreased kidney function. Some people also feel weakness throughout their body and have trouble sleeping or concentrating, according to the National Kidney Foundation.
Edema
Edema, or swelling, of the hands and feet can also signal chronic kidney disease. The swelling develops because as kidney function is reduced they no longer properly filter waste and regular water levels in the body, according to MedicineNet.com.
Muscle Cramps
Some people will experience muscle cramps, especially at night, because of reduced kidney function, according to the National Kidney Foundation. In addition to cramping, some people experience muscle twitches.
Skin Changes
When kidney function is impaired, many people will notice changes to their skin. For example, you may notice the skin around your eyes is puffy or swollen, especially in the morning. It may also be itchy even though no rash is present. Skin discoloration is also possible, with patches of it becoming darker than normal, according to the National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearninghouse.
Loss of Appetite
Often, people who are suffering from kidney disease and are experiencing reduced kidney function will notice that their appetite has dropped off, according to MayoClinic.com. Some people also experience bouts of nausea and vomiting.
