Alpha hydroxy acids are naturally occurring organic or synthetic acids. Organic alpha hydroxy acids come from fruits or milk. They are widely used in cosmetic products such as skin creams, lighteners, peels and acne treatments. Alpha hydroxy acids come in different concentrations, depending on the use and desired effects.
Absorb Moisture
Alpha hydroxy acids are humectants, according to the Mayo Clinic. They absorb water and hold that moisture in the skin. These products need high humidity levels to be effective. They also soften scaly and thickened skin.
Exfoliate
Alpha hydroxy acids exfoliate the skin. This helps in the treatment of acne by removing old skin and unclogging pores. Alpha hydroxy acids are also used in some glycolic acid peels, which speed skin smoothing and wound healing, according to the Food and Drug Administration.
Reverse Sun Damage
In testing, alpha hydroxy acids have reversed some of the damaging effects of the sun, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. A 1996 study at the Hahnemann University School of Medicine in Pennsylvania found that patients treated with alpha hydroxy showed significant reversal of the markers of photoaging.
Cause Sun Sensitivity
Using alpha hydroxy acids increases the skin's sensitivity to the sun. There is an increased risk of sunburn while using this product. The FDA advises using a sunblock, limiting sun exposure and wearing protective clothing while using alpha hydroxy acids. The sun sensitivity is reversible and does not continue long after use of the product is discontinued.
Skin Lightening
Alpha hydroxy acids lighten the skin. One type, called polyhydroxy acids, shows excellent results in anti-aging effects and skin lightening, according to the National Institutes of Health.
Wrinkle Remover
Alpha hydroxy acid peels, such as the glycolic acid peel, are effective in reducing fine lines and wrinkles, according to the National Institutes of Health. The peels are often used in conjunction with other anti-aging treatments and should be done by a dermatologist.
References
- Mayo Clinic: Basics of Softer Skin
- Mayo Clinic: Over the Counter Acne Products
- American Academy of Dermatology
- Food and Drug Administration: Guidance: Labeling for Cosmetics Containing Alpha Hydroxy Acids
- National Institutes of Health: Department of Dermatology, Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Member Comments