Salicylic acid is a colorless crystal in the beta hydroxy acid family. Sold in both over-the-counter and prescription form, it is used to improve the skin's appearance. Salicylic acid is most commonly known as an acne treatment, but it can treat other skin conditions as well, as both a preventive and clearing agent.
Types
Salicylic acid products include liquids, creams, lotions, foams, pads and shampoos. Creams, foams and liquids are applied as a thin layer on the affected area. Soaps and gels are used as daily cleansers. Other gel forms and patches are applied as spot treatments multiple times a day. The various forms come in different concentrations based on the treatment function.
Uses
Salicylic acid in medicinal form is used to treat acne, psoriasis, dandruff, corns and calluses. When used as a keratolyic agent, it causes peeling or shedding of the outer layer of skin. At low concentrations, it helps soften skin, while at higher levels, it destroys the concentrated area of skin. Salicylic acid is used as a chemical peel for cosmetic purposes to reduce lines and wrinkles or skin discoloration. To be most beneficial, salicylic acid must be used repeatedly.
Benefits
As an acne treatment, salicylic acid helps break down the pollutants that cause acne and unplugs the pores. Salicylic acid is also useful as a wrinkle treatment, as it boosts collagen. Because salicylic acid chemically consists of larger molecules, it stays on the skin longer than several other types of products and therefore can be more effective. While salicylic acid does dry skin, it is generally considered safe in controlled doses for sensitive skin.
Side Effects
The most common side effects are skin irritation, rash, extreme peeling, dry skin, headache and dizziness. Stinging may also occur. Symptoms such as rapid breathing, severe headache, nausea, vomiting or buzzing in the ears can indicate an overdose of salicylic acid. Some people may develop allergic reactions, with shortness of breath, swelling or hives, in which case they should seek medical attention immediately.
Warnings
Do not apply salicylic acid to the mouth or eyes. Flush with water if contact occurs. Salicylic acid is not for use on sunburned or wind-burned skin or on open wounds. As extreme drying may occur, salicylic acid should not be used in conjunction with other abrasive or drying skin products. Before using any product with salicylic acid, talk with your doctor and let him know all prescription and over-the-counter medications you take, especially aspirin, water pills and anything containing methyl salicylate. These medications can cause additional or more severe side effects.
