Mouth sores and associated complications commonly go hand in hand with chemotherapy treatment. "The Chemotherapy Source Book" reports that up to 40 percent of patients receiving chemotherapy as the main source of treatment will experience mouth sores at some point during treatment. MayoClinic.com lists doxorubicin, methotrexate, cisplatin, Xeloda, cytarabine, etoposide and fluorouracil as chemotherapy drugs that commonly cause mouth sores and other oral complications.
Stomatitis
Stomatitis, commonly referred to as mouth sores, consists of redness, irritation and open sores of the mouth lining. According to "The Chemotherapy Source Book," stomatitis typically occurs five to 16 days after chemotherapy treatment. These sores result in extreme pain and lead to other complications. Often, the only cure is stopping chemotherapy. Pain may be relieved with topical oral rinse solutions such as viscous lidocaine. Chemocare.com recommends frequent mouth washing with water, moisturizing mouth, keeping teeth clean, and using a soft-bristled toothbrush to combat mouth sores.
Salivary Gland Disfunction
Damage to salivary glands results in several side effects affecting the mouth. Dry mouth commonly accompanies chemotherapy treatment. The American Cancer Society reports that mucus may increase in the mouth. Saliva substitute, bicarbonate mouth rinses and sucking on candy/chewing gum are remedies for relieving dry mouth from salivary gland dysfunction.
Infection
Open sores combined with a lowered immune system make the mouth ripe for infection. "The Chemotherapy Source Book" lists yeast and herpes as common infections from mouth sores. All parts of the mouth may be affected, including the lining, salivary glands and gums. Antibiotics are the standard treatment for infections.
Bleeding
Bleeding of the lining of the mouth, tongue and gums often results from chemotherapy treatment. Bleeding typically occurs 10 to 14 days after chemotherapy administration. Preventative measures include using soft-bristled toothbrushes and removing dentures that may cause irritation. Severe bleeding can be treated by administrating platelets.
References
- "The Chemotherapy Source Book"; Michael C. Perry, Ph.D.; 2007
- Chemocare.com: Mouth Sores due to Chemotherapy
- Mayo Clinic: Mouth Sores and How to Cope
