As skin matures it tends to become dryer, thinner and less elastic according to the Mayo Clinic. These unfortunate effects are due in large part to a breakdown of collagen and elastin fibers that keep skin firm. Older skin tends to lose its ability to repair itself, which can make make it more vulnerable to fine lines, folds and wrinkles. While these physiological changes are taking place, gravity can add insult to injury. A number of products may help prevent, minimize and possibly reverse some of the telltale signs of aging skin.
Retinoids
Prescription-only wrinkle creams that contain vitamin A derivatives known as retinoids may diminish fine wrinkles, minimize age spots and have a smoothing effect on the skin according to the Mayo Clinic.
A topical retinoid called tretinoin---Retin-A---is the only medication determined by the FDA as safe and effective for reversing some of the effects of sun damage, according to the American Academy of Dermatology.
Retinoids typically must be used for several months before anti-aging effects are realized. They may cause dryness, burning or a tingling sensation.
Over-the-counter wrinkle creams that contain retinol, a milder version of tretinoin, may have modest anti-aging effects, but don't expect miracles advises the Mayo Clinic
Hydroxy Acids
Exfoliating agents such as apha hydroxy acids and beta hydroxy acids can remove the outer layer of old, dead skin and encourage the growth of new, smoother new skin.
Alpha hydroxy acids may slightly improve wrinkles and reverse some of the damaging effects of the sun according to the American Academy of Dermatology.
Kinetin
Kinetin may decrease wrinkles and minimize uneven pigmentation according to the Mayo Clinic. Kinetin is a compound that encourages plants to grow. It appears to help retain moisture and promote collagen production. Collagen is a substance that helps keeps skin firm but weakens with age.
A study by Taiwanese researchers published in December of 2007 in the "Journal of Cosmetology" found a combination of kinetin and niacinamide, a form of vitamin B, produced anti-aging effects.
Coenzyme Q10
Coenzyme Q10 is a nutrient that helps manage energy production in cells according to the Mayo Clinic. It may help decrease fine wrinkles around the eyes and protect the skin against sun damage when applied prior to going outdoors, according to Smart Skin Care.
A Japanese study published in 2008 in the Oxford, England journal "Biofactors" found Coenzyme Q10 may have rejuvenating effects on wrinkled skin.
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