Premarin is a synthetic form of the hormone estrogen. It is used to treat symptoms of menopause such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, burning and irritation, and to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, says Drugs.com. Premarin may also be used as estrogen replacement therapy in women who do not make enough natural estrogen on their own. There are some dangers associated with Premarin use.
Cancer
Premarin increases a woman's risk of developing endometrial cancer, says Medline Plus, a website of the National Institutes of Health. Endometrial cancer occurs when cancer cells grow and spread within the inside lining of the uterine wall. Women taking Premarin who still have their uterus may be placed on progestin to decrease their risk of developing uterine cancer, but this may also increase their risk of developing breast cancer. Women who experience irregular bleeding should consult their gynecologist. Self-breast exam and routine mammography should continue. Any change in breast tissue or the development of a breast lump should be brought to the attention of a physician.
Blood Clot or Stroke
Long-term Premarin treatment may increase the risk of developing stroke or blood clots, reports Drugs.com. These risks are increased in women older than the age of 35 who are overweight and smoke. Women who fall into this category should remain under the close supervision of their physician while taking Premarin. Signs and symptoms which require immediate medical attention include pain or swelling in the lower leg, migraine, confusion, vision changes and weakness on one side of the body.
Liver Disease
Women taking Premarin are at an increased risk of developing liver disease. Liver enzymes should be monitored through frequent blood work while taking Premarin. Symptoms of liver failure can include fatigue, a yellowing of the skin or white part of the eyes, and stomach pain and tenderness.
Heart Attack
Premarin may cause an increased risk of heart attack. Women who have or have ever had high blood pressure, high blood levels of cholesterol or fats, diabetes or heart disease should consult their doctor prior to taking Premarin, says Medline Plus. Symptoms of a heart attack can include chest pain or a heavy feeling in the chest, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating and a general ill feeling, says Drugs.com. Women who experience these symptoms should seek emergency medical attention.
