Arthritis is a condition that is characterized by swelling, pain and inflammation in the joints. Causes include infection, bone destruction and autoimmune diseases. Patients with this condition develop severe joint pain that worsens with repetitive movement. In order to relieve the pain, patients are given analgesics, or drugs that provide temporary pain relief. These drugs work by inhibiting the production of a pain response and preventing inflammation. Each patient suffering from arthritis should be on some form of analgesic treatment to help deal with the symptoms of the disease.
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen is the first-line treatment for arthritis, states The New York Times Health Guide. Acetaminophen is able to provide pain relief without the side effects of stronger prescription drugs. Excessive amounts of the drug or taking the drug with alcohol, however, can lead to significant liver damage. Therefore, patients are told to refrain from taking large amounts of the drug and to avoid alcohol consumption. If the pain from the arthritis is not relieved by using acetaminophen according to label directions, then the patient should ask a physician for a more powerful analgesic.
Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, are a select group of medications that prevent inflammation. NSAIDs can be used to treat arthritis, according to the National Institute on Aging. These drugs prevent the production of the natural substances needed for inflammation to occur. By decreasing inflammation, these drugs also reduce the pain experienced by the patient. Examples of these drugs include ibuprofen, naproxen, and ketoprofen. NSAIDs can cause various side effects such as ulcers, bleeding in the digestive system, nausea and vomiting. Some patients may also experience an allergic reaction to NSAIDs. If side effects are severe, the NSAID should be stopped and the patient should be given another form of analgesic.
Glucocorticoids
Patients with arthritis can use glucocorticoids to reduce the pain and inflammation of their disease, reports the Arthritis Foundation. These drugs mimic the function of a natural hormone called cortisol, and come in pill or injection form. Glucocorticoids work by preventing the release of substances that cause inflammation, swelling and pain. Side effects can be severe and therefore the use of glucocorticoids is only recommended in patients who are unable to use other medications for pain relief.
Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, or DMARDs, can be used to prevent severe inflammation in arthritis, according to the Arthritis Foundation. DMARDs can significantly reduce pain and inflammation, and help control immune response. All of these effects help patients suffering from arthritis. Though powerful, these drugs may take several weeks to months before significant effects can be seen. Examples of DMARDs include methotrexate, azulfidine and lefunomide.
