Perimenopause is the stage of development that occurs before a woman enters full menopause. It can begin as early as the mid-30's, or in the 40's. Perimenopause can last anywhere from two to eight years before menopause, and up to one year after a woman's last period. During perimenopause, estrogen levels rise and fall regularly, causing menstrual irregularity and other symptoms. There are several options for treatment to control the irregularity and other associated symptoms.
Oral Contraceptives
In an effort to regulate a woman's periods during perimenopause, her doctor may prescribe oral contraceptives. At this stage, oral contraceptives are not necessarily needed as a form of birth control, but they do provide an additional source of hormones. Oral contraceptives can reduce the occurrence of hot flashes and vaginal dryness.
Progestin Therapy
Progestin therapy is another form of treatment recommended to regulate periods, states MayoClinic.com. Women who are not able to take oral contraceptives, or those who choose not to take oral contraceptives, may opt for progestin therapy instead. Progestin therapy is administered in cycles to simulate the natural rise and fall of hormone levels.
Eating Habits
In addition to medications, there are subtle lifestyle modifications that can be implemented to keep perimenopause symptoms under control. As women age, the risk of osteoporosis and heart disease increases, warns the MayoClinic.com. Eating a healthy diet is essential to supporting good health overall and maintaining a healthy weight, which can help to keep hormone levels stabilized. MayoClinic.com recommends a low-fat, high fiber diet that is also rich in fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains to reduce the development of heart disease. It is equally important to get adequate amounts of calcium to prevent osteoporosis. Avoiding alcohol and caffeine can help to prevent the triggering of hot flashes.
Exercise
MayoClinic.com indicates that getting a minimum of 30 minutes of exercise on most days is required to control weight and support good cardiovascular health. Although hormonal and physical changes may inhibit a woman's desire to exercise, she should identify physical activities she enjoys to remain motivated. Working out in a gym may be optimal; however, a simple brisk walk can have the same effect as a full workout regimen. Most fitness centers offer a menu of classes that provide variety and help to keep exercise interesting.
Stress Reduction
It is generally recommended to keep stress under control to prevent the onset or exacerbation of symptoms such as hot flashes. Not only is exercise essential to supporting good health, it can serve as a method for stress relief as well.
