Hemorrhoids are swollen, painful blood vessels in the rectum and anus. The hemorrhoids may stay inside the rectum or begin to protrude. External hemorrhoids may cause symptoms such as itching, bleeding and pain. Common causes of hemorrhoids include straining during bowel movements, obesity and pregnancy. Home treatments and lifestyle changes can decrease the size of the hemorrhoids and relieve the symptoms associated with the condition.
Sitz Bath and Ice Packs
A sitz bath can help reduce the symptoms of external hemorrhoids. The person using a sitz bath lowers his bottom in warm water to relieve symptoms. A special bowl-shaped fixture that fits over a toilet is available at medical supply stores and drugstores. Sitting in the sitz bath for 10 to 15 minutes several times each day is best. Applying an ice pack to the anus for about 10 minutes several times a day will also ease discomfort, according to the March of Dimes.
Medications
Several treatments used topically help remedy hemorrhoids. Over-the-counter hemorrhoid creams containing hydrocortisone will decrease swelling and itching. Pads and creams contain products such as witch hazel, which will also decrease the itching, pain and swelling. Taking a stool softener will decrease straining during bowel movements. Oral pain medications containing anti-inflammatory agents, such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen, treat the pain and edema associated with hemorrhoids.
Lifestyle Changes
Lifestyle changes will reduce the symptoms of hemorrhoids. Fiber-rich foods decrease constipation and pressure in the rectum. High-fiber foods include whole grains, beans and fruits such as apples and pears. Increasing fluid intake will also ease bowel movements while reducing strain and pressure on external hemorrhoids. If you are obese, losing weight will help. Wearing cotton underwear and avoiding the use of toilet paper or other perfumed and scented products will reduce itching. Cleaning the area with warm water and thoroughly drying eases irritation.
