Skin blemishes and acne can take on many forms. Acne and skin blemishes are caused by blocked hair follicles, usually due to dead skin cells on the epidermis. The oil glands in the skin try to release oil and toxins through the pores and if the pores are blocked, acne and skin blemishes can form. Blackheads, papules, and pustules are the most common forms of skin blemishes. According to an article on medicalnewstoday.com, blemishes occur in more than 80 percent of adolescents.
Blackheads/Comedones
Blackheads appear as little black dots on the surface of the skin. Blackheads are a type of acne vulgaris and if untreated, can remain under the skin. Some typical causes of blackheads are the usage of topical oils and skin care products containing mineral oil, dimethicone or other occlusive ingredients. Blackheads can be treated with steam and exfoliants and can be extracted by a licensed professional.
Papules/Pimples
Papules appear as slightly raised reddish-hued bumps on the surface of the skin. Papules are oil glands that are clogged with bacteria and become infected, resulting in the inflammation that is a pimple. Like blackheads, papules are the result of dead skin cells inhibiting the release of oil through the pores and by the use of certain skin care products. Papules can be treated with steam, salicylic acid, lactic acid, benzoyl peroxide and extraction by a licensed skin therapist.
Pustules/Cysts
Pustules appear as large, inflamed red lumps on the skin surface. Pustules, like papules and blackheads, are caused by a buildup of bacteria under the skin, which becomes inflamed and filled with pus. Cysts, like pustules are pus-filled lumps under the skin. Both can leave scarring in the affected area if not treated properly. According to an article on acne.net, pustules can be treated with warm compresses, topical antibiotics, topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, acne surgery, oral medications, and other topical medications applied by a licensed skin care professional.
