Skin problems in children can be highly visible to others, but they tend to be minor and easily treated, according to the Palo Alto Medical Foundation. Over-the-counter or prescription medications are usually the treatment of choice, and medical risks are few. Some of these conditions resolve without treatment in days to months, and some have no known definitive cause. Most common skin disorders in kids can be taken care of with minimal discomfort.
Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic dermatits, also known as eczema, can occur at an age, but is usually seen in infants and children, according to MayoClinic.com. The skin becomes very dry, itchy and sensitive, and may appear red. Atopic dermatitis is often seen on the hands, feet, face, neck and upper chest. If the child scratches it, the rash may start getting crusty and raw. Although there is no cure for eczema, treatments to control itching and minimize inflammation are available, such as using moisturizing creams or topical steroids; taking oral antihistamines; and avoiding potentially irritating bath oils or lotions.
Parvovirus
MayoClinic.com describes parvovirus, which is also called "fifth disease," as a common skin condition that is very contagious. It is usually mild, but can be serious if pregnant women or those with compromised immune systems are infected. Along with a sore throat, fever and itching, a facial rash typically appears; this is a bright pink facial rash on both cheeks and may spread to the buttocks, arms, abdomen and legs. According to MayoClinic.com, the rash can wax and wane for up to three weeks, worsening with sun exposure or temperature extremes. In children who are otherwise healthy, self-care at home consisting of rest, fluids and acetaminophen is usually fine for parvovirus, but in children who have anemia or compromised immune systems, hospitalization, blood transfusions, or antibodies may be necessary.
Acute Hives
Acute hives, or uticaria, is a common allergic skin reaction, says the Palo Alto Medical Foundation. Hives occur as a result of the immune system responding to an environmental or bodily trigger. For instance, things like foods or illness may trigger hives. Treatment for hives includes antihistamine drugs that can either be bought over the counter or prescribed by a physician. Topical creams are generally not effective on hives and do not provide any relief. Severe hives can involve swelling, which may become life threatening if they cause breathing problems. If this happens, emergency medical attention is needed. The Palo Alto Medical Foundation also recommends getting an allergy evaluation if the hives last more than two to three months.
Impetigo
Impetigo is a bacterial infection of the skin, according to the Palo Alto Medical Foundation. Symptoms can include oozing or crusty sores that are usually situated between the nose and upper lip, typically after a child has been sick with a cold, although these sores can be anywhere on the body. Scratching the sores can facilitate spread of the bacteria, leading to more sores on different parts of the body. This condition is generally treated with antibiotics.
