Alendronate, the generic product of Fosamax, is a bisphosphonate derivative available as a prescription drug only. It's used for the treatment of osteoporosis and prevention of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. Alendronate prevents the breakdown of the bones and decreases the rate of bone formation leading to an increase in bone mineral density. The physician can perform necessary exams and decide whether the patient is able to receive treatment with this medication.
Inability to Sit or Stand
Alendronate is contraindicated in patients who are confined to a bed or are unable to sit or stand. Alendronate is administered in the morning 30 minutes before any food or beverage and should be taken with a full glass of water. According to the "Drug Information Handbook," the patient must remain upright for at least 30 minutes and until after the first meal of the day. This decreases the risk of gastrointestinal irritation and ulcers of the esophagus. If the patient isn't able to sit or stand for at least 30 minutes, she should not take the drug.
Abnormalities of the Esophagus
Alendronate may cause gastrointestinal and esophageal irritation. It may also cause nausea, vomiting, acid reflux and abdominal pain. If a patient has an abnormality of the esophagus, such as abnormal function of the muscles of the esophagus, alendronate is not recommended.
Aspiration
Aspiration is described as suddenly sucking in a foreign object into the airway, causing a blockage of air and causing the patient to choke. Patients who are at higher risk of aspirating shouldn't be administered the solution of alendronate, RxList.com says.
Hypocalcemia
Hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels in the body, is another contraindication of alendronate. Calcium levels must be correct before initiating therapy with this medication, says the "Drug Information Handbook." Periodic monitoring of calcium levels is necessary to ensure adequate intake; the patient should keep all doctor appointments. Calcium supplements are available as over-the-counter medications and should be used as directed by a health care professional.
Allergy
Patients who are allergic to alendronate or any other bisphosphonate must not be administered the drug. If a patient develops an allergy, he must immediately stop taking the medication and inform his physician. An allergic reaction may range from mild to severe; a mild allergic reaction may include itchiness or red skin. A severe allergic reaction may be characterized by peeling or blistering of the skin, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and chest pain. If the patient develops a severe allergic reaction, she must seek emergency medical attention.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2007
- RxList: Fosamax
