Nodules are solid or fluid-filled lumps that form within the region affected. Nodules are commonly associated with thyroid conditions but also appear in the lungs or on the skin. The American Academy of Family Physicians notes that thyroid nodules occur in up to 7 percent of the population, with the majority of nodules being noncancerous or benign. The University of Rochester Medical Center indicates that pulmonary nodules, which occur on the lung, have a higher percentage of being cancerous, which makes symptom recognition for early detection imperative. Depending on the area affected, symptoms may be prominent or may not present at all.
Pain and Inflammation
In the event of nodule growth, indicators may exist. Swelling at the base of the neck characterizes an enlarged thyroid nodule. The visible inflammation is referred to as a goiter. A goiter is an indication of over- or underproduction of thyroid hormone, causing the thyroid to grow abnormally. This is visible to the naked eye and may cause mild pain and irritation. MayoClinic.com explains that if the nodule suddenly appears and feels hard, it may signify a cancerous growth. Pulmonary nodules are not visible externally and may not cause any pain initially to indicate their presence.
Weight and Pulse Changes
In the event of underactive thyroid, unexplained weight gain occurs. On the other hand, an overactive gland will cause rapid weight loss. MayoClinic.com notes that overproduction of the hormone thyroxine is the culprit in sudden weight loss. Nodules may also cause sudden and rapid pulse changes, which may impair mental clarity and awareness.
Anxiety, Weakness and Fatigue
Thyroid nodules also tend to cause changes in overall well-being, such as inducing unexplained anxiety or depression. Weakness, loss of energy and fatigue are prominent due to the hormonal fluctuations. Johns Hopkins Children's Center notes that temperature intolerance may also present due to nodules. Additional symptoms associated with thyroid nodules include difficulty swallowing and breathing due to the size of the nodule and problems with becoming hoarse. Pulmonary nodules may have subtle cold- or flu-like symptoms present, however, this is rare and a chest X-ray may be the only way to spot this form of nodule.
