Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to reduce fever, pain and inflammation. NSAIDs are helpful for people with chronic disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. NSAIDs stop pain and inflammation by blocking prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are chemicals that cause pain and inflammation but also protect the stomach from ulcers and bleeding. Blocking prostaglandins relieves pain and inflammation. At the same time, they put the user at risk of developing stomach ulcers and other problems.
Stomach Ulcers and Gastrointestinal Bleeding
The use of NSAIDS is the second most common cause of stomach ulcers, according to the American College of Gastroenterology. Stomach and intestinal bleeding and perforation can accompany the ulcers. They can occur without warning and can be fatal. Vomiting blood, passing black, tarry stools, weakness and dizziness are all symptoms that warrant a call to the physician.
Those with peptic ulcer disease and bleeding and clotting problems should avoid taking NSAIDs. In addition, drinking alcohol increases the risk of stomach bleeding, so caution is advised.
To decrease the risk of stomach irritation and ulcers, take NSAIDs with food.
Heart Attack and Stroke
The Food and Drug Administration says that NSAIDs may cause heart attack and stroke. NSAIDs interfere with platelet formation, and abnormal platelets occlude blood vessels. Those with a history of heart problems should consult a doctor before taking an NSAID.
Kidney Damage
NSAIDs are toxic to the kidneys, according to the American Academy of Physicians' website, Familydoctor.org. NSAIDs decrease blood flow to the kidneys, leading to fluid retention and high blood pressure. Decreased blood flow to the kidneys also prevents elimination of many drugs, leading to toxicity. Patients with kidney impairment should consult a doctor before taking an NSAID.
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