Ofloxacin, also sold under the brand name Ocuflox, is a prescription drug that belongs to the class of antibiotics called the fluoroquinolones. It treats bacterial infections including wound infections, sepsis in surgical patients, sexually transmitted infections and tuberculosis. Ofloxacin will prevent the bacteria from forming correctly in the body, leading to their death. Like all drugs, ofloxacin has the potential to produce many side effects. The patient may wish to speak with his physician about any concerns.
Headache
A common side effect that may occur in users of ofloxacin is headache. About 9 percent of individuals may experience this undesired side effect, reports the "Drug Information Handbook." The patient may take a pain reliever, such as acetaminophen, to alleviate the headache. This adverse effect will diminish over time as the body adjusts to the new drug. If the headache becomes severe or worsens over time, the patient should inform his physician right away.
Insomnia
Insomnia, or difficulty sleeping, may occur in up to 7 percent of individuals. The patient should practice good sleep hygiene, meaning that the patient should develop habits that promote sleep. "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach" states that the individual should use the bed only for sex and sleep. The patient should not read or watch television in bed because this may prevent sleepiness. Exercising close to bedtime may cause difficulty falling asleep, as well. The patient should speak with her physician if the insomnia becomes bothersome.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is another common side effect of ofloxacin. The patient should drink plenty of liquid to keep hydrated. He should also avoid eating large meals with a high fat content. One way to avoid this side effect is by including probiotics in the diet. Probiotics, such as Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Saccharomyces boulardii are available in the pharmacy in capsule form. Alternatively, several brands of yogurt contain probiotics as "live and active cultures." The patient may discuss his options with a pharmacist or a physician. If diarrhea becomes worse or persist for more than three days, the patient should contact his health care provider right away.
Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea and vomiting are common side effects seen with fluoroquinolones such as ofloxacin. Nausea may occur in up to 10 percent of patients and vomiting in up to 5 percent. Patients that experience these side effects can alleviate them by eating small frequent meals and avoiding fatty foods. Chewing gum or sucking on hard candy may alleviate nausea, as well. If these side effects worsen or are accompanied by a fever, the patient should receive medical care right away.
Dizziness
Another common side effect that may occur in users of ofloxacin is dizziness. According to the "Drug Information Handbook," about 5 percent of individuals experience dizziness. The unwanted effect will begin to decrease with continued exposure to the medication. Individuals should use caution when driving or operating heavy machinery until they know how the medication will affect daily function.
Photosensitivity
Photosensitivity, which is sensitivity to sunlight, may occur with ofloxacin. Photosensitivity reactions include redness, inflammation, itchiness, hives and rash. The individual should avoid sunlight and wear protective clothing, such as long sleeves and a hat. Sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 should be used on exposed skin. If a patient develops these symptoms, he should inform his health care provider immediately.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2007
- Drug Information Online: Ofloxacin Side Effects
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Josep T. Dipiro, Robert L. Talbert., et al.; 2008
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