Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo is a prescription medication that contains the female hormones ethinyl estradiol and norgestimate. The combination of these hormones prevents pregnancy by controlling the uterine lining and cervical mucus, keeping sperm from penetrating the uterus and a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus. Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo is also used to treat acne.
Dizziness
One common side effect of Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo is dizziness. This undesired side effect may diminish over time as the body adjusts to the drug. If the patient experiences dizziness, she should avoid driving and use caution when performing any activity that requires alertness until she knows how it will affect proper function. Nervousness has also been reported with the use of this drug.
Headache
Headache is a common side effect in users of Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo. The "Drug Information Handbook," also reports the presence of migraines in some users. The patient may use a pain killer, such as Tylenol, to relieve the headache or migraine. She should speak with a pharmacist or physician about which over-the-counter medication is best. As her body grows accustomed to the medication, the patient will notice a decrease in this side effect. However, if the pain is persistent, the patient should inform her physician.
Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea and vomiting are common side effects seen with the use of this drug. Abdominal cramps and bloating may also be present in users of Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo. These side effects will subside with continued use of the medication. They are typically caused by the estrogen-like actions of ethinyl estradiol; Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo has a lower dose of ethinyl estradiol than other contraceptives, making the frequency of these side effects lower. If the patient experiences nausea, she should take the medication with food or at bedtime. According to "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach," women who continue to experience nausea after three months of being on the drug may need to be switched to one with less estrogen-like activity.
Breast Tenderness
Breast tenderness or swelling may occur with Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo. Changes in menstrual bleeding may also be noted. These occur due to the excess of hormones in the body. "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach" explains that these side effects improve by the second cycle, after body has adjusted to the changes in hormone levels. The patient should be reevaluated during the first three to six months of therapy to see how she is responding to the medication and if any adverse events are occurring.
Changes in Weight
Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo may cause changes in weight or appetite. This is due to the altered levels of hormones in the body. If the patient loses substantial weight without trying, she should contact her physician. Increase appetite may lead to an increase in weight; this may lead to other health issues, such high cholesterol, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. The patient should eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly. If the patient has any concerns about gaining weight, she should all risks before initiating the drug.
References
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2007
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Josep T. Dipiro, Robert L. Talbert., et al.; 2008
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