Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant medication used for the treatment of seizures in patients 3 years of age or more. It may also be used for post-herpetic neuralgia, or pain associated with complicated shingles, in adults.
Actions of Gabapentin
Gabapentin exerts its action by binding to sites in the brain. When gabapentin binds to these sites, the chemicals that excite the brain and may lead to seizures are regulated.
Side Effects
The most common side effects of gabapentin are dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue and lack of coordination. According to the "Drug Information Handbook," dizziness and drowsiness occur in about 20 percent of users, while fatigue and lack of coordination occur in about 12 percent.
Drug Interactions
The effect of gabapentin may be increased by alcohol, antacids, phenobarbital and opioid analgesics, such as oxycodone or morphine. The patient must inform the physician of his entire medical history to avoid harmful interactions.
Dosage Adjustments
Gabapentin is eliminated from the body by the kidneys. Patients who have impaired renal functions will require a lower dose. Elderly patients have decreased renal function due to age, and dose reduction may be necessary, as well.
Place in Therapy
Gabapentin is an alternative medication for patients who have failed treatment with other medications. It is also useful in treatment of chronic pain, states "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach."
References
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2007
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Josep T. Dipiro, Robert L. Talbert., et al.; 2008
