Acne affects as many as 45 million people in the United States, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. This skin condition produces lesions commonly called pimples or blemishes. The physical effects of acne can be emotionally challenging, and understanding acne and the treatment options available can help you cope and address this condition.
Types
Acne appears most frequently on the face and shoulders, according to the National Library of Medicine. However, other areas of your body may also develop the skin lesions. There are several different types of skin lesions involved with acne. Comedones are commonly known as "whiteheads" or "blackheads." Papules are small, red, tender bumps, and pustules are much the same, only with a bit of white pus that may be seen beneath your skin surface. Nodules and cysts are infections located at a deeper level of the hair follicle, and are large, hard and painful.
Causes
The National Library of Medicine states that the main factor in acne is the oil-producing glands located in each of your hair follicles. When this gland begins to produce too much oil, or sebum, your pores become clogged with the sebum, bacteria and dead skin cells. This blockage creates an acne lesion. Although the triggers that prompt the increased production of oil are unknown, it is thought that hormones play a large role.
Who Gets Acne?
Acne occurs most commonly in teenagers, most likely because of the hormonal changes they are experiencing. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 80 percent of people ages 11 to 30 will experience an outbreak of acne. Although acne is usually gone for the majority of people by age 30, it may occur at any age. The University of Maryland Medical Center states that acne is more likely to affect men, and with a greater severity, as opposed to women.
Treatment Options
A variety of different medications exist for treating acne. According to the Mayo Clinic, these treatments work by inhibiting the oil gland's production of sebum, fighting infection, helping your skin create new cells and treating the inflammation. These medications may be taken orally, or they may come in the form of a topical skin cream. Common medications contain benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, resorcinol or sulfur.
Other treatments include laser or light therapy and oral contraceptives. Additionally, there are treatments that can help deal with scarring. These include cosmetic procedures such as a variety of chemical peels, dermabrasion or surgery.
Home Remedies
Wash your skin gently twice a day with a mild soap or cleanser, and avoid the temptation to squeeze the pimples. Scrubbing your skin or more frequent washing can make acne worse. Make sure your cosmetic products are oil-free, and avoid touching your face. Additionally, the Mayo Clinic states that zinc, tea tree oil, guggul, and brewer's yeast may help treat acne.
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