Teeth are known as pearly whites, but some people consider "dingy yellow" a more accurate term. Teeth get stained and discolored over time. The Consumer Guide to Dentistry explains eating, drinking, smoking, medication and age contribute to this process. Bleaching whitens the teeth by several shades, and it is safe for most people, but some experience sensitivity.
Definition
Teeth bleaching is a method of whitening discolored teeth. The American Dental Association, also called the ADA, explains it can be done by a dentist or in your home with professionally dispensed or over-the-counter products. A bleaching agent is applied to your teeth and left on for a specified amount of time. Dentists often use a laser to activate the bleach for in-office treatments. The bleach lightens the shade of discolored teeth. Dentists usually get good results in one visit, while home products must be used for several days because they use a weaker bleach solution.
Purpose
Teeth bleaching is purely a cosmetic procedure. It has no oral health benefits, but it may improve a patient's self-esteem and confidence. These benefits outweigh the risk of tooth sensitivity and other side effects for many people. For example, some people with severely stained teeth avoid smiling or opening their mouths. Bleaching removes the problem so they can interact with others normally.
Effects
Teeth sensitivity is the most common side effect from bleaching. The teeth become sensitive to temperature extremes. They hurt when you consume a very hot or cold food item or beverage. This problem usually disappears shortly after the bleaching treatment, according to the ADA. You should speak to your dentist if it persists because there may be an underlying problem.
Gum sensitivity is another common side effect. The gums can get irritated by the bleaching solution or mouth tray. Dentist-dispensed trays are less likely to cause this problem because they are custom fitted.
Considerations
Certain factors put you at a greater risk for teeth sensitivity from bleaching, according to the Consumer Guide to Dentistry. These include faulty dental restorations, significantly cracked teeth and badly receded gums. People with naturally red hair experience sensitivity more often. In-office bleaching is more likely to produce this effect because stronger products are used.
Time Frame
The risk of sensitivity is increased by overuse of bleaching products and leaving whitener on the teeth longer than the recommended period. MSNBC Health surveyed readers and found many who left bleaching solutions on for excessive time periods and suffered from extreme, long-lasting sensitivity. Most were bothered by eating and drinking, but one person suffered pain from cold air on her teeth. Their problems continued long after the bleaching was complete.
