Cigarette smoking may lead to many diseases including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, lung cancers and other cancers. Tobacco contains harmful chemicals including benzene, formaldehyde, ammonia and lead. Many medications are available to aid patients in quitting.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) includes the patch, gum, lozenge, inhaler and nasal spray. The dose of nicotine administered depends on the amount of cigarettes smoked, and is lowered over time to reduce withdrawal symptoms. This allows the individual to focus on behavioral and psychological aspects of tobacco cessation.
Side Effects of NRT
Patients using the nicotine patch may experience vivid dreams and skin irritation related to adhesive on the patch, explains "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach." Nausea, vomiting and cough are associated with the other forms of NRT.
Prescription Medications
Chantix and Zyban are prescription medications available for smoking cessation that do not contain nicotine. They work in the brain to help reduce the craving for nicotine.
Side Effects of Zyban
Zyban may cause an increase in heart rate, dizziness, insomnia, and dry mouth. Headache is the most common side effect and may occur in up 34 percent of patients, reports the "Drug Information Handbook."
Side Effects of Chantix
The most common side effects of Chantix are trouble sleeping, headache, abnormal dreams and nausea. Patients may also experience abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation and dry mouth.
References
- "Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach"; Joseph T. Dipiro, Robert L. Talbert., et al.; 2008
- "Drug Information Handbook"; Charles F. Lacy, Lora L. Armstrong, et al.; 2007
- New York State Smokers' Quitline: Stop Smoking Medications At A Glance
