Radon is a radioactive gas, originating from the decay of uranium in the ground. Extended exposure to radon gas is a health risk. Like carbon monoxide, exposure to radon gas often occurs in the home, but can also be present in public buildings. Radon gas can enter the home through soil under the home, building materials or well water, according to the University of Minnesota Environmental Hazards and the Environmental Protection Agency.
Lung Cancer
When radon gas enters the lungs, radon decay particles are deposited before the gas is exhaled. Radioactive decay from deposited radon particles causes lung cancer. According to the University of Minnesota article "Radon Molecular Action and Genetic Effects," the radiation present in lungs does not travel to other parts of the body. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or EPA suggests smoking in conjunction with radon gas exposure may increase risks of developing lung cancer.
Reproduction
Ingesting radon-contaminated water may introduce radon into the bloodstream. Radon consumption may hinder development or cause death in unborn children. According to "Radon Molecular Action and Genetic Effects," uncharged radon may enter the fetus by way of the placenta. The National Research Council Committee on the Risk Assessment of Exposure to Radon in Drinking Water suggests that the chance of radon entering the bloodstream through drinking water is small.
In 1999 the EPA proposed limiting radon levels in drinking water to 4,000 picocuries per liter. Regulation of drinking water is the responsibility of state governments; drinking water is not regulated by the federal government.
Prevention
According to the EPA, radon exposure may take years to affect your health. Monitoring radon levels in the home may prevent future occurrence of cancer. Detectors are available at online and conventional retailers. Radon detector prices range from $29.99 to $129.95, 2010 rates. Mount radon detectors on each level of your home. If radon is detected, hire a state-certified radon contractor to assist with removal.
References
- University of Minnesota Environmental Hazards: "Radon Molecular Action and Genetic Effects"
- Environment Protection Agency: "A Citizen's Guide to Radon"
- Environmental Protection Agency: "Radon in Drinking Water"
- Risk Assessment Of Radon In Drinking Water; The National Research Council Committee on the Risk Assessment of Exposure to Radon in Drinking Water; 1999
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