Retin-A, also called retinoic acid or tretinoin, is a medication derived from vitamin A that is applied to the skin. Retin-A is primarily used to treat acne. Used since 1972 in the U.S., it is available only by prescription from your doctor.
Uses
Although doctors primarily prescribe Retin-A to treat acne, your doctor may prescribe it to treat other skin problems, according to the Mayo Clinic. Retin-A is also effective in the treatment of keratosis follicularis, a condition of the hair follicles that causes small red bumps; psoriasis; verruca plana, also known as flat warts; and photoaging caused by sun exposure, manifested by dark spots, skin roughness and fine wrinkles.
How It Works
Retin-A causes skin cells to be replaced more rapidly and shrinks dilated pores. As a result, pores are less likely to clog and turn into blackheads and whiteheads, and the size of the pores is reduced. Retin-A also has the ability to affect the retention and production of collagen, the elastic fibers that support the skin and keep it from sagging.
Side Effects
According to the package insert from Ortho Pharmaceuticals included with the product, it is important that you use this medicine exactly as directed by your doctor. Don't use more of it or use it more often than instructed, because serious skin irritation may occur. Side effects can include a burning or stinging feeling of the skin that could be severe, lightening of the treated skin, peeling of the skin, redness, and unusual or severe dryness. Your doctor should be notified of any side effects.
Warnings
Dr. Cohen, clinical assistant professor of dermatology at the University of Colorado and a consultant for OrthoNeutrogena, the maker of Retin-A, warns that Retin-A is not recommended for people with rosacea or pregnant women due to the risk of birth defects.
In the Annals of Internal Medicine, doctors Allan L. Bernstein and Jeanne L. Leventhal-Rochon report a case of neurologic and psychiatric symptoms in a woman with pre-existing liver disease using Retin-A. The symptoms resolved after use of topical tretinoin was discontinued. The doctors advise against Retin-A use is those with liver disease.
Doctors caution against using certain skin products at the same time as Retin-A. These products include other topical acne products, skin products containing a peeling agent such as benzoyl peroxide or alpha hydroxyy acid, salicylic acid, or sulfur, because severe skin irritation can occur.
Precautions
OrthoNeutrogena, the maker of Retin-A, advises avoiding the application of any product to your skin within one hour before or after application of Retin-A. Check with your doctor before using irritating hair products including permanent wave solutions or those for hair removal and any product that could make skin sensitive to the sun, such as those containing essential oils. Exposure of treated areas to the sun or wind should be avoided. Contact your doctor if your skin becomes too dry or irritated.
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