Retin-A is a topical prescription medication that got its first boost as an acne treatment when it was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for this purpose more than 30 years ago. Over the years, this novel acne treatment proved to be beneficial to other skin conditions as well, most notably signs of photoaging.
Retin-A History
Retinoic acid, a derivative of vitamin A, was developed by University of Pennsylvania dermatologist Dr. Albert Kligman in the 1960s, according to an April 1989 report on CNN Money. Johnson & Johnson conducted the first clinical trials using Retin-A in 1968 to establish that the drug was both safe and effective. Retin-A cream was approved by the FDA in 1971. Retin-A falls under a broad category of prescription topical medications called retinoids, states the American Academy of Dermatology. Retin-A is the trade name for tretinoin and was the first natural retinoid made for topical application.
Retin-A and Acne
The AAD describes retinoids such as Retin-A as a "cornerstone treatment" in the treatment of moderate to severe acne. Pores clogged with excess oil and dead skin cells can give rise to acne blemishes. The AAD states that Retin-A keeps the pores clear so that whiteheads and blackheads don't form.
Retin-A and Aging
Retin-A is also used to reduce signs of photoaging on the face, such as fine lines, discoloration and rough patches, according to MayoClinic.com. The medication causes old skin cells to slough off more quickly so they can be replaced with new ones. The clinic goes on to say that more pronounced signs of intrinsic aging and deep wrinkles won't be sufficiently treated using Retin-A; you'll likely get subtle results.
Other Uses for Retin-A
Retin-A is also used for other purposes unrelated to acne and signs of aging, either for health reasons or cosmetic purposes. According to the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology, Retin-A may be used to treat pseudofolliculitis barbae, also known as razor bumps; acanthosis nigricans, brown to black blotches on the neck, armpits or groin generally associated with obesity; hyperpigmentation of the face, such as melasma; and molluscum contagiosum, tiny waxy bumps caused by a virus in the skin.
Cautions and Concerns
MayoClinic.com cautions that side effects of using Retin-A include skin irritation, dryness and flaking. Also, use of any topical retinoid leaves the skin more susceptible to sunburn. The clinic encourages exercising thorough sun protection while using Retin-A, which includes daily use of sunscreen on the areas of skin treated.
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