According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, MRSA, or Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, is an infection that is resistant to antibiotics. There are two types of MRSA: Hospital Associated (HA-MRSA) and Community Associated (CA-MRSA). Most aspects of the disease are shared between the two types.
Associations
HA-MRSA is associated with people who have been in the hospital within the past year while CA-MRSA is associated with people who haven't been hospitalized. In either case, the infection is spread when the Staphylococcus bacteria (also known as staph) is introduced into the body through an open wound, breathing tube or catheter.
Common Symptoms
The website MedlinePlus reports that staph infections appear as red, swollen areas on the skin. A skin abscess may be present, and the area may be warm to the touch and painful. In some cases, the patient may have a fever, and pus may drain from the area.
Serious Symptoms
If you experience symptoms, such as unexplained muscle aches, a rash, shortness of breath, chest pain or chills, immediate medical attention is required, as the MRSA may have spread internally to your bones, joints, blood and/or internal organs. Without treatment, this condition is life-threatening.
Treatment
After running blood tests and draining the affected area, a physician will decide on the best course of treatment. This usually includes powerful oral or intravenous antibiotics. You may also be given fluids through an IV, put on dialysis if your kidneys have been affected or given oxygen if your lungs are affected.
Prevention/Solution
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that practicing good hygiene is one way to prevent spreading MRSA. It also recommends that sores and open wounds be covered and that the patient refrain from sharing personal items, including towels and razors, with other people.
