Approximately 16 million Americans have diabetes, a condition which either causes the body to not produce enough insulin, or it can cause cells to become resistant to insulin that is secreted by the pancreas. Detecting diabetes requires knowledge of the signs and symptoms, risk factors, and testing performed by your health care provider.
Step 1
Observe for signs and symptoms associated with diabetes. An increase in thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, weight loss, blurry vision, non-healing sores, persistent bruising, increased hunger and pain or tingling in the hands and feet are all symptoms which occur in the presence of diabetes, as noted on Net Wellness.
Step 2
Determine if any diabetes risk factors apply to your life and situation. People who are physically inactive or who have a close family history of diabetes are at a higher risk for developing the disease themselves. The National Institute of Health reports that several ethnic groups are more likely to develop diabetes, including African Americans, American Indians, Asians, Hispanics and Pacific Islanders. Women who were diagnosed with gestational diabetes during pregnancy and anyone who has been diagnosed with high blood pressure are at greater risk. Cardiovascular disease, HDL cholesterol below 35mg/dL and being diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome are also risk factors.
Step 3
Schedule an appointment with your medical provider to discuss your risk factors and any symptoms you may be having. Testing will be done to determine whether or not a diagnosis of diabetes should be made. Blood tests such as a blood glucose tolerance test, oral glucose tolerance test and random blood glucose testing may be performed. Most tests require that you do not eat or drink anything other than water for at least eight hours prior to the testing. You may be given a sugary drink to consume in the doctor's office to test how your body handles sugar. These tests may require blood to be drawn from your arm, or through a finger stick. Testing may vary based on the provider, and you will be given specific instructions pertaining to each test ordered.
Step 4
Discuss your test results with your doctor. Make a list of questions to help you to remember your concerns prior to the appointment. If you are diagnosed with diabetes, your doctor will discuss a treatment plan with you which may include changing your diet, increasing your exercise, oral medications and possibly insulin injections.
