Elbow injuries are common in athletes and workers who use repetitive movements in their jobs. Most injuries are treatable without surgery. Repeatedly injuring an elbow can lead to weakening of the joint. Recurring injuries can lead to chronic joint problems such as tendinitis, arthritis and bursitis. Some injuries occur because of bone weakness due to hereditary bone issues.
Arthritis and Bursitis
Arthritis and bursitis result from repetitive stress on the elbow joint, such as repeating the same movements in a job environment or sport. According to Anne Terry, RN, arthritis and bursitis can set in after years of suffering chronic injuries such as tendinitis. Golfer's elbow and tennis elbow are types of tendinitis that affect the tendons in the elbow joint.
The more a joint is used, the more likely the wear and tear will take a toll and begin to break down. This wearing away is what increases the chances of further injury and possibly arthritis.
Tennis Elbow
Tennis elbow or lateral epicondylitis affects the outside area of the elbow joint. Symptoms include pain that travels beyond the elbow to the wrist, weakness in the forearm and the inability to make a fist or grip objects. Pain may gradually worsen over time. Seek medical attention if the elbow becomes hot to the touch, or if it becomes too painful to bend the joint. If over-the-counter medications, rest and ice don't alleviate the pain and inflammation, an X-ray may be needed to determine whether a bone has been broken or a more serious injury has occurred. According to the Mayo Clinic, repeated injuries to the same join can cause irreversible damage to the joint that requires surgery to improve mobility.
Golfer's Elbow
Golfer's elbow is also known as medial epicondylitis. According to the Mayo Clinic, pain and discomfort are usually felt on the inside of the elbow. Golfer's elbow, much like tennis elbow, can happen to anyone who uses her hands and arms to make constant repetitive motions. Weakness or tingling in the hands and wrists are symptoms. Pain may appear to worsen gradually over time or suddenly during a repetitive movement. If pain increases or the elbow becomes hot and stiff, see a doctor to evaluate the cause and determine if any damage has occurred.
Treatment and Prevention
Proper warm-up and cooling down may prevent injury to the elbow and other joints. Simple exercises and stretching performed before a sporting event can mean the difference between a strong working joint or an injured one.
Many injuries can be treated effectively with ice, over-the-counter pain relievers and rest. Massage is effective in strengthening the muscle tissue around the elbow and supporting the tendons while they heal. If damage to the joint is severe enough, surgery may be needed.
