Iron is an essential mineral that helps transport oxygen throughout the blood to muscles and cells where it is needed. It is naturally found in foods such as beef, chicken, beans and lentils. People who do not get enough iron in their diet may become anemic, which causes weakness and fatigue. People who are anemic should supplement their diet with iron tablets, of which several varieties are available.
Forms of Iron
Ferrous sulfate and ferric sulfate are two kinds of iron pills. The National Anemia Action Council says forms of iron with "ferrous" on the label rather than "ferric" are better absorbed by the body. Ferrous sulfate, ferrous fumarate and ferrous gluconate are all effective forms of iron available in tablets, according to the National Anemia Action Council.
Doses
Iron tablet dosages vary significantly depending on the brand and type of supplement. The National Anemia Action Council says the most effective iron tablets contain 50 to 60 mg of elemental iron per capsule. Some contain much higher doses, but these can be hard on the stomach. The National Anemia Action Council also says that taking a large dose of iron at once makes it hard for the body to absorb the iron. Taking 50 to 60 mg two to three times a day, or as directed by your doctor, is most effective.
USP
The U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP) is a nongovernment agency that sets standards for safety, effectiveness and truth in labeling of dietary supplements. According to the U.S. Pharmacopoeia website, when a supplement has a USP seal on the label, you can be assured that it has the correct dose as labeled and that all of the information contained on the label is accurate. It is always important to look for iron tablets with a USP seal on the label, as those without one may not be as effective.
Side Effects
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) says that while iron tablets can help reduce the effects of anemia, they can also elicit side effects. Nausea, vomiting, constipation and stomach pain are common among people who take high doses of iron in tablets. The National Anemia Action Council recommends taking a stool softener if the iron capsules you take cause constipation.
Risks
The NIH also says that people with blood disorders, such as hemochromatosis, should not take iron supplements to avoid the severe health risks that come from getting too much iron. It is always important to talk to your doctor before taking any supplements, including iron tablets, as they have the potential to interfere with other medications, such as those used to treat thyroid disorders.
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